Use of digital power system management and lower data center power consumption

Management functions with a digital DC / DC converter enables designers to develop a "green" power systems, such power system to meet the target performance, and work processes through re-arranging some of the tasks will be transferred to those who work less than The server (which may be off to other servers) to determine when to reduce overall power consumption.
For years, many companies are carried out on the digital power hype, some companies think: digital power, including digital and a communication link with power. Some other companies, said: Digital power is a kind of a digital pulse-width modulation (PWM) built-chip state machine. There are some manufacturers that: includes a digital power supply to run an algorithm (the algorithm used to compensate for control loop) of the general-purpose digital signal processor (DSP), and only rely on a digital serial bus and can not provide power solutions . There are even other companies that: digital power supply has a state machine or a DSP with digital PWM loop. All of these descriptions can be said to be very puzzled, confused, and some of these methods can not produce good performance. However, in the digital power supply design the right circumstances, it can reduce data center power consumption, shorten product time to market with excellent stability and transient response performance, and improve overall system reliability (such as network equipment in).
Network equipment system designers are faced with upgrading their systems and increase data throughput and performance of functions and features of the pressure. At the same time, how to reduce the system's total power consumption is also necessary to deal with their problems. In the data center, the challenge is that people need to rearrange some of the tasks workflow will be transferred to those who work less than the server (which may be off to other servers) to reduce overall power consumption. To meet these needs, understand the end-user equipment power consumption is very important. Properly designed digital power management system can provide users with power consumption data, so that you can make a flexible energy management decisions.
In today's new electronic system, the state regulator may be the last remaining "blind spots", because generally they do not have the key operating parameters of the direct method of configuration or remote monitoring. For reliable operation, the detection time of the regulator output voltage drift or overheating and accordingly take the appropriate action can be said to be crucial. Well-designed digital power system management (DPSM) program to monitor the performance of the regulator and reported its operation to beyond specification range even in its failure to take corrective action before.
For the DPSM for voltage regulators and power supply design engineers to carefully review the requirements of a learning curve to understand how a computer's graphical user interface (GUI) to complete the programming of such devices and connections. This includes learning new programming software, and each company to provide digital power device has its own unique package. Therefore, we should have a choice after careful thought and a user-friendly software package and the GUI of the company, which is very important. In addition, they should have a reputable technical support staff, the team has such power in the design process to provide the necessary capabilities to help.
Multitrack board power systems
Most embedded systems are powered by a 48V backplane. Usually the voltage step-down to a lower intermediate-bus voltage (typically 12V to 3.3V), circuit boards within the system that support power supply. However, these sub-circuit board or IC need to lower the voltage range of 1V to 3.3V and the dozens to hundreds of A, mA current range operations. Therefore, to the intermediate bus voltage step-down sub-circuit, or IC to the expectations of the required voltage point of load (POL) DC / DC converter is essential. These power rails has a strict ordering, voltage accuracy, margin adjustment and monitoring requirements.
In data communications, telecommunications or storage system, there could be as many as 20 POL voltage rail, system designers need a voltage in accordance with its output, sort, and the maximum allowable current management of these voltage rails simple way. Some processors require the I / O voltage is increased until the voltage at its core, while others require the DSP core voltage of the first of its I / O voltage rises. Power sequencing is also indispensable. Designers need a simple adjustment method to optimize the system performance and storage for each DC / DC converter specific configuration to achieve the purpose of simplifying the design work.
In order to avoid expensive ASIC possibility of being over-voltage conditions, high-speed comparator to monitor the voltage of each supply rail, and beyond the supply rails in a safe operating limits of its range specified to take immediate protective measures. In the digital power supply system, in the event of a fault line through the PMBus alert notification host, and will be off the rails in order for electrical components, such as implemented by ASIC and other protection. Achieve this level of protection needed better accuracy and response time of some tens of μs.
Linear Technology's recently introduced LTC3880/-1 provides a highly accurate digital power system management, and use its high-resolution remote sensing programmability and fast read-back key to achieving real-time control point of load converters, and monitoring functions. The device is a dual output, high efficiency synchronous step-down DC / DC controller with I2C based on the PMBus interface and more than 100 orders and on-board EEPROM. LTC3880/-1 both best in class performance analog switching regulator controller and precision mixed-signal data conversion, can be very easy to implement power system design and management, the device has been based graphical user interface with easy to use (GUI) The LTpowerPlayTM software development system support.
Digital power system management for the control interface
PMBus command language designed to meet the needs of large-scale development of multi-track system is a fully defined command language using the open standard power management protocol that simplifies and power converters, power management devices and the system host processor communication. In addition to a precise definition of the standard commands, consistent with the standard PMBus device also can perform its unique special order, to provide a kind of POLDC / DC converters for programming and monitoring of innovative methods. The agreement with the industry standard SMBus serial interface to perform and achieve power conversion products, programming, control and real-time monitoring. Command language and data format standardization can achieve simple firmware development, thereby speeding up the product to market process. For more information, please visit http://pmbus.org/ website.
LTC3880/-1 programmable control parameters include output voltage margining, current limit, input and output control limits on the power-up sequencing and tracking, switching frequency, identification and traceability data. On-chip EEPROM precision data converters and voltage regulators allow the collection of configuration settings and remote sensing variable values, including the input and output voltage and current, duty cycle, temperature and fault records, and these settings and variables for non-volatile volatile storage. Table 1 lists the following program can be LTC3880/-1 some of the parameters, the high-resolution, remote back to reading skills and alternative solutions.
Analog control loop
LTC3880/-1 is a suitable number of features (for example: output voltage, current limit set point and sorting, etc.) digital programmable DC / DC controller, but it has a loop designed for optimal stability and transient response of the analog feedback control loop, but not the quantitative effects of digital control loop.
Figure 2 shows the feedback control loop analog and digital feedback control loop, the controller IC inside curves of different slopes. Analog loop with a smooth slope, and digital loop is similar to a step function - this will cause stability problems, slowing the speed of transient response and, in some applications, resulting in the need to increase the output capacitor, and digital quantify the effect of the loop will result in increased output ripple.
One of the main advantages of digital power supply is available to predict system failure and the potential to start protective measures, which benefited from the provision of real-time telemetry data. Perhaps the most important point is: with digital management features DC / DC converter enables designers to develop a "green" power system, such a power system to meet the target performance, and be able to rearrange work processes and some Task transferred to those who work less than the server (which may be off to other servers) to determine when to reduce overall power consumption. As the load point, circuit boards, brackets, even the installation of level of energy use very little, thus helping to reduce infrastructure costs and product life cycle total cost of ownership.
Another digital power system management can reduce the design cost advantage and accelerate time to market. By using a intuitive GUI with integrated development environment, you can efficiently develop complex multi-track system. Such systems also through the use of GUI (rather than welding assembly) to adjust and simplify the online test (ICT) and board debugging.
On the definition and benefits of digital power, and now the situation has become confusing. Therefore, the digital power supply is necessary for potential users want to achieve their goals and benefits of digital power system management, the suitability of its products and customers to do investigations. They must determine their own choice of company has a high-performance analog devices, the most popular and easy to use software package, as well as a well-educated, willing to provide the necessary technical support team to help. Fortunately, such companies exist.
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